Romero Essay -- essays research papers

In the movie Romero, Archbishop Romero changes very much in his understanding of love and in his understanding of true conscience. At first Romero is just a priest who isnt really concerned about the poor and how they are being oppressed, further when Romero is chosen to be the new Archbishop his friend, who is assassinated, I see has a slight impact on him. But I regain when his friend is assassinated is when he really starts to realize what is happening to the country of El Salvador and how the governing body doesnt want anyone to speak out about this. So, now Romero is starting to satisfy against the government and tries to speak out against them. Here we see Archbishop Romeros true conscience and love grow for the people around him because we see him taking more action against the government. I think that Archbishop Romero defines love as helping others who are in need and others who need his help whatever it may be. We see Romero do this when he starts to lead the revolt i n trying to tell the El Salvadoran Government to stop oppressing the poor and treat everyone as human beings. I think Romero has to gather in a very big decision considering, the gorillas were sending out flyers that said Be a Patriot, Kill a Priest. The decision that Romero had to make was whether or not to help the poor or just be a puppet for the cardinals that selected him to be a puppet in the beginning. I think the thing that made Romero choose to help out the poor was the love he had for them. I also be...

Tay-Sachs :: science

Tay-SachsThe genetic disorder I have looked at in this scientific statement is Tay-Sachs disease or TSD, a serious, inherited fatal brain disorder. The disease is named after Warren Tay, a British ophthalmologist who first described the disease in 1881 and a New York neurologist, Bernard Sachs who first described the cellular changes and the genetic nature of the disease in 1887. This rare hereditary disease is caused by a genetic variation that leaves the body unable to produce an enzyme a protein that speeds up the rate at which chemical reactions take place within the body. The enzyme is necessary for nerve cells to metabolise fat, (allow for chemical reactions to take place within the cell) . The enzyme involved in TSD is known as hexosaminidase A. its absence allows a lipid called GM2 ganglioside to build up in the brain, destroying the nerve cells. The localization principle of the gene HEXA that causes the genetic disorder is 15q23-q24. Tay-Sachs is an autosomal recessive d isorder. My research indicates that a person must have two carriers as parents for the disease to occur. Carriers, raft with only one gene for the disorder are physically unaffected due to it being recessive. When both parents are carriers, each child has a 25% or chance of obtaining the disease. If only one parent is a carrier, there is no chance that the child will get the disease, but there is a 50% chance that the child will be a carrier. My extensive research has concluded that the symptoms of the disease are Blindness Dementia Deafness Seizures palsy All these symptoms appear during the first six months of spirit following the case studies data. The disease progresses rapidly, usually killing affected children by age three. As the price to the nervous system progresses, an inability to swallow, difficulty in breathing and mental retardation develop. In late-onset TSD, which occurs in people who have a genetic diversity (A permanent change in the DNA sequence due to a n insertion, deletion or an alteration) that is similar to that of TSD that occurs in young children. Some production of the missing enzyme occurs and life expectancy does not seem to be affected according to my research. Medical treatment is focused mainly on managing the symptoms of late onset TSD, Anticonvulsants can be prescribed to patients with seizures and antidepressants can be used as to help with psychiatric symptoms.

Vietnam: The Mixture of Protests and Politics Essay -- essays research

The unify States was unjustified in its involvement in the Vietnam War because, in my opinion, the U.S had little justification to sacrifice thousands of innocent youths for political ideals. It was the longest and nigh unpopular war in which the United States fought. Many Americans on the home front protested their governments involvement in the war. Many young Americans matte up that there was no reason to fight for a cause they did not believe in, especially in such a strange foreign country. The genteel rights movement also strongly influenced many of the war protests. This was because such a large percentage of minority soldiers sent over to fight were being below the belt treated. The African American soldiers were being ordered to the frontlines more often than white soldiers were. Another vigorously protested topics of the Vietnam War was Conscription. Most of two million soldiers who fought in the war were chosen through the Selective Service program. The limn policy has been an imprint of America the Civil War. This policy has been used in every major United States war since. Young adult males were required to register for the draft when they turned eighteen years old. A lottery system decided who would be called to combat. If selected for the draft, the inductee had to serve 24 months of active duty. During the Vietnam War, the hostility Americans felt towards the draft erupted and caused major protests across the nation. They are where many ways people protested the draft. Some eligible draft members avoided the draft by leaving the country for Canada, Sweden, and a number of other countries. Other men protested by publicly burning their draft cards.Lyndon B. Johnson won the presidential election on November 1, 1964. Despite the tension between the Doves and the Hawks, president Lyndon B. Johnson stood by his policy of slow escalation. As he began his term in office in 1965, he was confident that his programs to better the nation would be e stablished despite that nagging little war in Vietnam as News Week describe it. Protests have long been a way for people to display their difference in opinion and gain support. One of the many protests against the war that had a mighty effect on public opini... ...been involved in because it was against an unknown enemy in an unknown territory. The consequences of the war far exceed the benefits. The citizens during that period of time would in spades agree. The war caused a severe decrease in the countries moral. Many people no longer trusted the government and grew extremely skeptical of its actions. The recession short after the war did not help in boosting the spirit of the country. The Vietnam war also exposed many of the United States weaknesses. It showed that our government had planned poorly. It also showed that it was affirmable to resist the United States as a mass. There is a major difference between one disagreeing voice and a vast number of them. In the end the U nited States had devastating losses socially and economically. Protests and politics will always go hand in hand when the sheep disagree with the herder. Bibliography- Nhu Tang, Truong. 1985. A Vietcong Memoir. New York Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers- Dougan C. & Lipsman S. 1984 The Vietnam Experience A Nation Divided. Boston Boston Publishing - McDougal Littell. 2003 World History. United States of America- http//www.pbs.org/

Economic Factors Effects on the Pilgrimage of Grace Essay -- History

Sparked in Lincolnshire in October 1536 and expanding rapidly through Yorkshire and the far north, the pilgrims journey of Grace was a popular rising that presented a major armed challenge to the Henrician Reformation . The first modern writers, Madeline Hope Dodds and Ruth Dodds, argued that it was an association of interest groups with their own worries and priorities. dead after, A. G. Dickens supported the Doddsian argument stating that he saw a fundamental divergence of interests and attitudes between gentry and commons . Then, C. S. L. Davies offered an alternative argument that emphasised morality as the cause of the Pilgrimage. In addition, Sir Geoffrey Elton argued that the Pilgrimage was the result of the unexpected overthrow of Anne Boleyn in the spring of 1536 and the consolidation of power at court and in governing by Thomas Cromwell. Thus, historians have and will continue to argue endlessly about the true causes of the Pilgrimage on balance, a collection of factors contributed rather than an predominant cause. As a result, it is fair to say that the rising incorporated a mixture of political, religious, social and economic issues. Therefore, economic factors were only partly to blame for the Pilgrimage of Grace. Firstly, politics was partly to blame for the Pilgrimage of Grace hence, by early 1527 King Henry VIII sought a divorce from Catherine of Aragon. Though, it is hard to sail through exactly why, the most plausible explanation is his belief that his marriage was barren because of its illegality and Catherines failure to produce a male heir. This is because Henry argued that it was blasphemous of him to get hitched with his brothers widow and he needed a son in order t... ...t, principle, fear-dabbled in treason , became involved in the Pilgrimage of Grace. But, Eltons argument is at least useful in the sense that it gives a helpful view on popular attitudes during this period. Works CitedBeer, Barrett L. Rebellion and Riot touristy Disorder in England during the reign of Edward VI (1982).Bush, Michael. Up for the Commonwealth the significance of tax grievances in the English rebellions of 1536, English Historical Review 106 (1991).Davies, C. S. L. Popular religious belief and the Pilgrimage of Grace in Order and Disorder in Early Modern England, eds. Anthony Fletcher and John Stevenson (1985).Fletcher, Anthony. Tudor Rebellions (1997).Hoyle, R.W. The Pilgrimage of Grace and the governing of the 1530s (2001).Shagan, Ethan H. Popular Politics and the English Reformation (Cambridge, 2003).

Dostoevsky was an Anti-Semite Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

Dostoevsky was an Anti-SemiteLiterary anti-Semitism is as old as Western finish itself. A full listing of writers who have expressed hostility toward Jews and/or Judaism--from Shakespeare to T.S. Eliot, from Pushkin to Pasternak, etc.--would add up to a Whos Who of Western literature.1 Undoubtedly, Dostoevsky follows in this tradition. It is disparaging, however, that as the true novelist of ideas and Christian love, Dostoevsky could harbor such ill allow for towards the Jews. Does this not discredit everything he has written? This paper will address Dostoevskys anti-Semitism through an examination of Isay Fomitch Bumstein in The House of the Dead, the Messianic idea in The Devils, and the little demon in The Brothers Karamazov. Furthermore, this paper will question the moral implications of Dostoevskys Christian message given his anti-Semitic posture. It will suggest that while he was indeed an anti-Semite, one can continue to read Dostoevskys work without feeling that his message was a complete sham.2Until The House of the Dead, Jews were much absent from Dostoevskys writings.3 But beginning with this book in 1862, the Jew and the Jewish question assume a place of growing importance in Dostoevskys thought. The eight historic period of military and penal servitude in Siberia expose Dostoevsky to both criminals and Jews alike. Unlike Gogol, who in his native Ukraine had observed firsthand the hostility between the Ukrainians and Jews, Dostoevsky did not have whatever direct experience with Jews, because there were few Jews living in St. Petersburg.4 It is in the House of the Dead that Dostoevsky, for the first time, depicts a Jewish character Isay Fomitch Bumstein (IV, 61). Dostoevsky pays considerable precaution to ... ...id., pg. 30.8 Goldstein, pg. 50.9 Ibid., pg. 55.10 Ibid, pg. 50.11 Goldstein, pg. 56.12 Ibid., pg. 51.13 Goldstein, pg. 155.14 Goldstein, pg. 156.15 Joseph Frank, xi.16 David Singer, pg. 21.17 Joseph Frank, xii.18 Ibid., pg. xiv.Bibliog raphy1. Dostoevsky, Fyodor, The Brothers Karamazov. The Garnnet Translation, revised by Ralph E. Matlaw. W.W. Norton & Company, reinvigorated York. 1976.2.Dostoevsky, Fyodor, Devils. New translation by Michael R. Katz. Oxford University Press. Oxford. 1992.3. Dostoevsky, Fyodor, The House of the Dead. The Garnet Translation. The MacMillan Company, New York, 1950.4. Goldstein, David I. Dostoevsky and the Jews, with forward by Joseph Frank. University of Texas Press, Austin. 1981.5. Singer, David, An Anti-Semitic Genius. Book Review in The New Leader. May 18, 1991, volume 64.

The Bargaining Power of Supplier of Mcdonalds

ply kitchen stove Management ADM 4620 Group Project- McDonalds Lecture Name DR. ERNESTO DIMACULANGAN Students Name Li Yi Yang (1006D3UBA002) Zhang Heng (0901D3UBS008) Li Bo (0706D1UBS003) Li Jie (1006D4UBA002) ascribable Date 06th, September, 2010 Table of Context Introduction 3 McDonalds Background 4 McDonalds Strategy 5 McDonalds Business Process 6 node attend to worry 6 Procurement functioning 6 Product knowledge and commercialization 7 Manufacturing flow guidance performance 7 Physical distribution 8 Outsourcing/ breachnerships 8 Performance mea receivedment 8 total Chain 9 McDonalds add on Chain 9 McDonalds Supply Chain in Indian 12McDonalds Supply Chain Challenges and its potential impacts 14 Even stronger focus on freshness and character reference 14 On-going product blueprints 15 Strong customer acquire variances found on publicitys 16 Order- and inventory anxiety restaurant DC supplier raw material supplier 18 Bull Whip effect 19 Change Management in a de- centralized expression 20 Methods for Solve Problems 20 mannikin the quality supervise system 20 nominate the precise R& angstromD process 22 Improve the train of trade promotion and forecast 23 Build the pass bestow system 25 Build the decentralized structure 26 Recommendation 27 Conclusion 28 References 29Introduction In this report, our team recognises to delve into the success of the worldwide company- McDonalds. McDonalds is unity of the most well known brandmarks in the world. The objective of this report is to understand how grant train management applied into real worry in McDonalds. We allow through the problems principal(prenominal)ly analysis tally cosmic string in McDonalds and its signifi potbellyce in real life and similarly de character explain the palmy reason of McDonalds how to use append orbit in their business. McDonalds are a multinational firm and their subsidiary company throughout all over the world, so McDonalds should submi t a perfect supply strand.McDonalds Background McDonalds is one of only a handful of brands that command instant recognition in virtually every country in the world. McDonalds is the worlds largest chain of fast nutrient restaurants, serving nearly 47 million customers visiting it per day through more(prenominal) than 31,000 restaurants in 119 countries worldwide. McDonalds sells diverse fast distante items and soft drinks including hamburgers, cheeseburgers, chicken products, salads, fries, breakfast items and ice cream desserts. Many McDonalds restaurants have included a playground for children and advertising geared toward to children.Company has involution of McDonalds into many international marts the company has become a symbol of globalization and the spread of the Ameri washbasin way of life. It also expanded the McDonalds carte in fresh decades to include alternative meal options like salads and snack wraps in graze to capitalize on growing consumer interest in he alth and wellness. Each McDonalds restaurants is operated by a franchisee, an affiliate or the corporation itself. The corporations revenues come from the rent, royalties and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company- operated restaurants.McDonalds Strategy McDonalds marketing system is concerned with the internal resources, outdoor(a) environment and its basic competencies a dogged with its manage holders. McDonalds strategy to develop its global impartforce is designed to be aligned with and hold in the execution of its over- arching strategic business goal, which is ampquotto become everyones favorite place and way to eat&quot. McDonalds current strategy is to notwithstanding crowd the picture of healthy food that can be found at ampquotNew or Re- modeled McDonalds. ampampquot McDonalds new strategy of presenting its restaurants as the convenient place where healthy food can be found is in line with its recent attempts to create a healthier image for itself. The corporation is planning other menu changes, such as switching to a cinnamon roll and a sausage burrito as its core breakfast offering, temporary hookup bagels would become an alternative item. Some chain that individuals ampquotconfront a future of accelerating McDonaldization. ampquot These changes are part of its strategy to offer a range of choices that support a balanced lifestyle, thus to attract new clients and retain old ones.McDonalds Business Process Supply chain business process integration involves collaborative work between buyers and suppliers, joint product development, common systems and shared tuition. According to Lambert and Cooper operating an integrated supply chain gather ups continuous information flows, which in turn assist to achieve the best product flows. However, in many companies, management has reached the conclusion that optimizing the product flows can non be execute without implementing a process approach to the business.The key critic al supply business processes in McDonalds forget comb following processes Customer service management Customer relationship management concerns the relationship between the organization and its customers. Customer service provides the source of customer information. It also provides the customer with real- m information on promise dates and product availability through interfaces with the McDonalds companys production and distribution operations. Procurement process Strategic plans are developed with suppliers to support the manufacturing low management process and development of new products. In firms where operations extend globally, like McDonalds it sourcing should be managed on a global basis. Activities related to obtaining products and materials from outside suppliers requires performing resource planning, supply sourcing, negotiation, order placement, inbound transportation, storage, handling and quality assurance, many of which include the responsibility to coordinate wi th suppliers in scheduling, supply continuity, hedging, and research into new sources or programmes.Product development and commercialization Here, customers and suppliers substantiveiness be united into the product development process, thus to reduce age to market. The appropriate products must be developed and successfully launched in ever shorter prison term- schedules to persevere competitive. Manufacturing flow management process The manufacturing process is produced and supplies products to the distribution channels based on past forecasts. Manufacturing processes must be flexible to respond to market changes, and must accommodate mass customization.Orders are processes operating on a just- in- time (JIT) basis in minimum lot sizes. It also changes in the manufacturing flow process lead to shorter cycle times, meaning rectifyd responsiveness and ability of supplicate to customers. Physical distribution This concerns movements of a acculturationed products or service to customers. In animal(prenominal) distribution, the customer is the last(a) destination of a marketing channel, and the availability of the product or service is a vital part of each channel participants marketing effort.It is also through the physical distribution process that the time and space of customer service become an integral part of marketing, thus it will plug into a marketing channel with its customers. For example, links manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers. Outsourcing/ partnerships This is not just outsourcing the procurement of materials and components, but it also outsourcing of services that traditionally have been provided in- house. Manage and control partners and suppliers require a blend of some(a)(a)(prenominal) central and local involvement. Hence, strategic decisions need to be acquiren entrally with the monitoring and control of supplier performance and day- to- day social occasion with logistics partners being best managed at local level. Perfo rmance measurement Experts found a strong relationship from the largest arcs of supplier and customer integration to market share and profitability. By taking advantage of supplier capabilities and emphasizing a long- term supply chain perspective in customer relationships can be both correlated with firm performance. Supply Chain Supply chain is one of the critical factors for the smooth functioning of any business.Supply chains most- often show where disparate product components are sourced. on that point are two key components to the fast food industry supply chain. On the one hand, raw materials are essential to the ultimate product. More of importly, though, the rate- added component of the supply chain comes primarily from the services provided by quick, convenient, and quality establishments. The value- added from the supplier to producer right through to the retailer and the final customer. The most important aspect of the industry supply chain is that it is driven by th e consumer.The consumer has what seems to be an endless(prenominal) amount of fast food chains to choose from every day. The best example is Burger King and McDonalds they all have excellent marketing divisions and that is why they are all on the rise in todays market. The main goal of their marketing is to suck up the consumer drive that extra two blocks past the competitor to eat at their chain. McDonalds Supply Chain McDonalds was aware that supply chain management was undoubtedly the most important factor for funning its restaurants successfully.McDonalds supply chain is extensive and complex. Its very efficient, which is why McDonalds are able to consistently offer their customers asylum and quality food at an affordable price. But theres more to the equation. McDonalds supply chain contributes positively to the safety, quality, and availability of their final products. They also want their product ingredients to be produced in ways that can contribute positively to the dev elopment of sustainable agricultural and food manufacturing practices. McDonalds have a large umber of direct suppliers- companies that make or deliver final products for their restaurants- even McDonalds have larger number of indirect suppliers- companies and farms that grow or process the ingredients that are eventually delivered to their direct suppliers. (Figure1. 1) Figure1. 1 Supplier performance index Import Breath of supply process control equipment No direct control over issues, positive influence by raising questions, bring citizenry to the table and encouraging improvement the McDonalds supply chain.A supply chain driven by point- of- sale date needs a consensus forecast for all stakeholders in the chain- including suppliers, distribution centers and restaurants. Indirect suppliers are primary processing direct suppliers belong to distribution centers. The distribution centers are the second deliver (second echelon, thus making more than one echelon, hence the name, mul ti- echelon) where safety stock is held. Distribution centers have optimized inventories, and increased product availability and freshness. For example, Quaker, Kraft, Keebler, Carnation, Keystone Foods, J. R.Simplot Co, Coca grass and Tyson Foods all these suppliers will ship to a distribution centers. These distribution centers include everything from food products to cleaning supplies to replacement parts. Individual stores only make one name call to re- stock the entire store. When all these suppliers ship to distribution centers and the final step is ship these items to McDonalds restaurants. (Figure 1. 2) Figure 1. 2 McDonalds so successful and their supply chain so efficient is that they then take that technology and share it with the rest of their suppliers so that they can all grow together and create better products.McDonalds Supply Chain in Indian McDonald initiative to set up an efficient supply chain and deploy state-of-art technology changed the entire Indian fast fo od industry and raised the standards of performance to international levels such McDonalds has worked in the supply chain, their first to open the joint first in McDonalds, brand overseas, which are laborious to make, inroads in Indias development partners in a manner that will be with companies from the beginning of the success of McDonalds India successfully by providing all he necessary products from interior(prenominal) to ensure this McDonalds develop local business that can provide the product quality now. McDonalds has a dedicated supply chain in India and the success of McDonalds India was achieved by sourcing all its required products from within the country. McDonalds success in India had been built on four pillars limited menu, fresh food, fast service and affordable price. Intense contestation and demands for a wider menu, drive- through and sit- down meals- encouraged the fast food giant to customize product variety without hampering the efficacy of its supply chain. Today, McDonalds India works with 38 opposite suppliers based on a long term and several multiple other stand alone restaurants for the needs of many McDonalds distribution centers in India comes in the following order Noida and Kalamboli (Mumbai) in 1996, Bangalore in 2004 and the last one in Kolkata (2007) McDonalds entering the first distribution cooperation agreement in food- related service business. betwixt 1992 and 1996, when McDonalds opened its first outlet in India, it worked frenetically to put the perfect supply chain in place.McDonalds spent a few years consideration up a unique parky Chain and it was one of the unique concepts of McDonalds supply chain in India, on which it has spent over six years to get systems into place. It trained the local farmers to produce lettuces or potatoes to specifications and worked with a vendor to get the perfect cold chain in place. This system brought virtually a veritable revolution, immensely benefiting the farmers at one end and enabling customers at retail reappearances get the highest quality food products, absolutely fresh and at great(p) value.The adoption of clod chain in India could increase the integrity of processed food value chains and reverse post harvest deterioration, which currently sees 40% raw material wastage on an annual basis. McDonalds expands in India, gives the provider the opportunity to expand its business, access to the latest food technology, exposure to advanced agricultural practices and have the ability to grow or export. The Cold Chain is necessary to maintain the integrity of food products and retain their freshness and nutritional value.McDonalds Supply Chain Challenges and its Potential impacts Even stronger focus on freshness and quality To make sure the materials fresh and quality is the biggest challenge for fast food industry. E excessly for McDonalds this famous brand that customers will have higher expectation than others. If you get any mistakes on the freshness and quality that will make customers sensitive to take the doubts and do not want to corrupt. It will lead our sales and stocks get one big shock. Hence, we are confront the stress that to ensure our products keep freshness and good quality in sustainable.As the potato contingency above suggests in France, the supply chain is one of the most difficult areas to monitor. McDonalds exerts 80-90 percent of its impact on the world from a social responsibility standpoint through its supply chain that they innovative the sustainable supply chain model and use it in the business. When McDonalds corrupts beef, for example, it doesnt buy it from a cattle rancher. Typically it is purchased from a supplierone who takes in raw beef and forms it into beef patties.However, some of suppliers for decrease the cost that try to use the rimy storage of beef to do the beef patties. McDonalds always want try to gain this problem, but it isnt so easy. The company doesnt have any direct business dea lings with the rancher. It has to exert influence through intermediaries. On-going product innovations As we know McDonalds has its R&D department for research the new product menu and provide to the customers. The innovation at McDonalds it is extremely unique, while it may be spurred by one of our suppliers, is always shared information with the other suppliers.However, McDonalds has to polling the risk on reveal supply chain management information by these suppliers. However, it is one part of the makeup of our relationship based on trust and mutual respect. There is a lot of pride that goes with being the creator of any particular innovation. Another part reason is for the fast food innovation is very important it not only needs to match the features of the fast food industry and also should use the special characters and tastes to attractive consumers. However, it needs the long lead time and high costs.It will make McDonalds sales goes down and take the fluctuation on the p rofitability. This is one big challenge in the supply chain that is how to minimize the period of the new emerges out of the old. Strong customer demand fluctuations based on promotions At the above we can find these three pictures show the promotions effectuate on the sales and indirect to reflect the correlation between demand fluctuations with McDonalds promotion. McDonalds uses the McToys as a sales promotional tool to drive interest and Sales.In their product of Happy Meal among the young children the primary target market of McDonalds gets a sales and demand. Even take the out of stock situation in some periods. The desired marketing effect of offering these toys is to renew interest in the Happy Meal product among young children. The toy serves as a special ampquotsurpriseampquot for this market upon consumption of the primary contents the food. However, after these periods the customers especial for the young children will feel boring about our products.Because of the you ng always like the fresh things, hence, sometimes it will lead the McDonalds demand take a fluctuations. It not only affects McDonalds sales and also will take the big challenge on the holding costs or loss profits by the out of stock. Order- and inventory management restaurant DC supplier raw material supplier McDonalds has one big order and inventory system and supply chain. If want make them in a high efficiency and properly operation, that it needs McDonalds have one correct managerial models and strategies.For example, they need based on the per 100 item sales data to forecast the demand. McDonalds is facing a real stress on the system revolution to make it comes with is very useful farmers at one end and the customer over the counter products sold to the highest quality fresh and value complete. And how to use the laser cooling identity, to make the operation run properly to maintain the freshness and nutritional value of raw materials and processed foods. This involves the purchase of inventory, transportation and food retailers all died under temperature control.And they also should know how to calculate the orders accurate. Hence, is one core challenge in the supply chain management? Bull Whip effect Bullwhip is the Key challenge in McDonalds supply chain. The Bullwhip Effect is a main reason for higher costs and problems in supply chains. It describe how small fluctuations in demand at the client level are augmented as orders pass up the supply chain through distributors, manufacturers, and suppliers. In great variety supply chains, the upstream activities react to forecasts, while somewhere on the downstream part the chain waits for orders to be ade. Think about these two former fast food mottos ampquotWe Do it all for youampquot proposed by McDonalds and ampquotHave it Your Wayampquot by Burger King. McDonalds makes finished hamburgers &quotto forecast&quot McDonalds doesnt know when people would come in for consumption, but they make bur gers in anticipation. Burger King prefers to wait until customers really place (customizable) orders before the burgers are made.This is more frequently known as the ampquotBuild-to-Orderampquot (BTO) model, while McDonalds strategy up to now is called &quotBuild to Stock&quot (BTS). Hence, how to utilize this model solve the fluctuation is the real challenge of they need to consider. Change Management in a de- centralized structure McDonalds supply chain system is so simple system that McDonalds supply chain is based on the three-legged stool concept Company Franchisees Suppliers. Hence, sometimes it leads the react on the problems more slowly compare with other fast food competitors.Hence, Jack Greenberg, the former accountant who last year was named chief executive of McDonalds Corp orchestrated a management realignment that broke up some of the companys internal cliques and divided the organization into five more autonomous regions, which theoretically will be able to react more quickly to local market conditions. It not benefit for them to expand their global market and react in one short time. The realignment also led to the companys first layoffs ever, which reduced some of the bloat that had built up during the chains aggressive domestic expansion.In mid-1990s the American had taken the things like this. Hence, how to realign the structure and solve the problems taken by this decentralized activity are the key points we need to facing in this part. Methods for Solve Problems Build the quality supervised system Quality has always meant ensuring that our customers receive food products that are the result of the best ingredients, strict standards, and proven preparation procedures to guarantee a safe, great degustation product. Currently, McDonald is facing the challenge on sustainable development on he products freshness and quality. Even they have a well down on this part work however they still cannot ignore the problems always taken in the ir working process. Hence, we think McDonald can make one supervised system (as in most areas around the world), McDonalds restaurants always use the network of independently owned distribution centers that buy products from direct suppliers those suppliers who are involved in the final stage of the food supply chain and provide McDonalds restaurants with finished food products like hamburger patties and buns.These direct suppliers buy the raw ingredients they use to produce our food products from a far more dispersed network of suppliers. Hence, we need to make the three-stage supervised system. Firstly, we can fabricate the department to supervise the original materials that came from our indirect suppliers and set up the direct connect style to keep communicate with them. Secondly, we can set up the supervisor in the logistic department to make them give us feedback about our direct suppliers information and help us to supervise their materials quality and transportation proces s.Finally, we can hire the professional supervisor in each of restaurants to check the finish goods and deliver goods, if or not match our standard. McDonalds inspection program(QIP) to investigate the quality of more than 20 points the difference in the Cold Chain setting of Cold Chain to enable them to reduce the loss of operating Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) is the system to focus on food safety protection in place, suppliers and restaurants rather than check on patients or checking status.Information microorganisms according HACCP, control points and control points important for all McDonalds plant food major department stores in India have been identified Ltd. has been established for those followed by the audit record and correct the deviation. Build the detailed R&D process take away the McDonalds situation that should pooling the risk with share the innovation information with suppliers and need one long lead time and high costs. Hence, we want advice t hem to centralized this system and detailed the tasks of process.First of all, McDonald can build some RampD centers in some important regions. Because of McDonald only have three RampD centers (Hong Kong, Indian, American). For minimize the innovative lead time and react immediate about the market demand, I think they should set up two more centers in European and South American. Secondly, I think they should protect their innovative information to reveal to suppliers. Especially that some direct suppliers have the agreement with McDonald on the innovation part. It will help McDonald less opportunity to make our competitors to capture their achievements.At the restaurant level, McDonald can focus in three areas Energy conservation Find further ways to increase energy efficiency in their restaurants in order to save money and reduce our environmental impacts Sustainable packaging and waste management Continue exploring ways to reduce the environmental impacts of McDonalds consumer packaging and waste in their restaurant operations Green building design Enhance McDonalds strict building standards to incorporate further opportunities for environmental efficiencies and innovation in the design and construction of McDonalds restaurants If R&D centers need to collect some market information and the materials data, can find the internal employees to take responsible on intelligent information collected. Even though, it looks like the costs will be goes high. However, McDonald will less the opportunity of loss and minimizes the fluctuation lead time to ensure the profitability in one stable level. It is indirect to help McDonald decrease the costs. Improve the level of marketing promotion and forecastFor avoid the bullwhip effects and the demand fluctuation by the promotional effects. I think McDonald should improve the level of marketing promotion and forecast. They can hire the promotional designer to plan their activities and promotion. They can base on the holiday and commemoration day to setup the activities and also can design polar series Mac toys to do the promotion to meet the customers needs. McDonald also needs to build the technical forecast system and use the reasonable methods to prevent the fluctuation in the sales lead time. McDonald can combine the ampquotbuild to orderampquot and ampquotbuild to stockampquot these to system.Make their forecast more accurate and control the bullwhip effects in one small level. Build to stock is frequently considered as an appropriate solution for high volume products where the demand is either seasonal or easily predicted, or both. This model is more nearly about the McDonalds current situation, because of McDonalds demand is highly in usually. And by the long history experience McDonald has the ability to do the accurate forecast however McDonald has to consider their special service -24hours. In the midnight there is only few people choice to buy as their midnight snack. Hence, if the y follow the ampquotbuild to stockampquot in the midnight period will lead in excess of demand.It will make our costs get waste and cannot provide the fresh and high quality products for the customers who order in the midnight. Some firms build all their products to order while others build them to stock. Build to Order in an automotive mise en scene as a demand driven production approach where a product is schedule and built in response to a confirmed order received for it from a final customer. The final customer refers to a known individual possessor and excludes all orders by the original equipment manufacturer OEM, national sales companies NSC, dealers or point of sales, bulk orders or other intermediaries in the supply chain. Hence, in the McDonalds midnight service is most closed to these conditions.Given the widespread proliferation of products, there are a number of manufacturers taking a hybrid approach, where some items are built to stock and others are built to order. Hence, I think build these to models combine in the supply chain system will help get one sustainable demand and minimize unnecessary loss on costs. Build the direct supply system In MacDonald, there are many direct suppliers to provide the goods and materials that purchase from the indirect suppliers. It will lead the McDonalds costs goes high and the quality of the materials cannot ensure match the standard level. Hence, McDonald can setup the internal direct suppliers.Such as purchase the land to develop the agriculture on planting and farm. They can make the RampD center to take responsible in this part. Go for this way will make McDonald can have one strong control on their materials quality and also can decrease the lead time with the high costs in the supply chain process. By another way is it will immediate to react to the fluctuation in the marketing. The McDonalds Agricultural authorization Programme (MAAP) is the tool use to assess the agricultural production standards e mployed in growing the farm products used in the menu. MAAP covers our core agricultural products including beef, chicken, eggs, ilk, cheese, potatoes, wheat, lettuce, tomatoes and cucumber. The Flagship make project builds on our MAAP approach, by identifying some of the progressive farmers in our supply chain that exemplify good practice in their specific area, and are roaring sharing those good practices. Use this tool to try and ensure the source more products from farms that work to higher standards. Build this direct supply system will contribute to McDonald to monitor and control the quality, safety and sustainability of the raw materials entering the supply chain. Build the decentralized structure By the reason of global integration that McDonalds market is keeping expand.Build decentralized structure, and the variability of environmental issues across regions, there is no &quotone size fits all&quot approach. It will provide the width and scope of McDonalds supply c hain operations at the same time. Compare with their current business scale, the structure system especial for the supply chain part is more centralize. Hence, it will affect the working efficiency and increase the lead time. Hence, to build the decentralized structure in the supply chain system is necessarily. Firstly, they can build the supply chain information system to take responsible on collect the any feedbacks and intelligent information that stay in the supply chain.Secondly, build the network control system in different regions. Can immediate react on the problems taken in the supply chain. Thirdly, setup the confabulation center to ensure each hierarchy of supply chain can keep the communication just in time. Moreover, setup the transportation system and destiny center. If taken any problems on the supply chain allocate can change the original plan immediately. Finally, build the supervised network to make sure the safety and quality of the process and materials. Recomm endation As far as we are concerned the manager should have a clear business philosophy. Supply chain is one very important part especially for the multinational company.The supply chain will decide what products or services of they can offered and which level of sales they can achieve. McDonalds is the famous brand in the fast food industry. Hence, the customers have the high expectation and demand on this brand. Hence, for the future McDonalds it is better to build the global supply chain network. McDonalds can use the advanced electronic tools such as the internet to make all the restaurants share the supply chain information. For different regions it can setup the department to take responsible to manage the problems taken in the supply chain. Normally, the McDonalds products will have the fluctuation period from the promotion start to finish. And it also effect by the local market and economic environment.Hence, this department can control the market information at any time and do the logistic job to the point. Another way McDonald can complete the direct suppliers relation to take the direct controlling on them, less the outsourcing from the external suppliers. It will ensure the materials quality and also will decrease some costs on transportation and materials waste. Moreover we think MacDonald can ask the RampD center to research and develop the supply chain, that take care on how to do the right forecast to minimize the fluctuation and how to improve the working effectively? We believe by McDonalds advanced management system they will have the good development on their supply chain in the future. ConclusionIn this report we are mainly talk about the McDonalds supply chain system that also includes their management process, strategy and implementation work. From the analysis we find some problems on the supply chain work that McDonald needs to challenge. Hence, we try to provide some ideas to help McDonald to solve the related problems on the supply c hain management work. Thus, under analysis supply chain part, we mainly describe how supply chain used with a business, and introduce strategy and process in McDonalds. We also have a graph to explain how McDonalds use supply chain and use the real case to analysis how McDonalds uses supply chain in Indian and the reason of why it get success in Indian.Therefore, the objective of this seminar is to make a profound qualitative and quantitative case analysis within the context of sustainable supply and demand chain management. Finally, we try to base on the analysis we have down at before and support some methods to solve them. And we also provide the recommendation for the supply chain management we believe by McDonalds advanced management system they will have a sustainable development on the business, especially for the supply chain management. References Holweg, M. and Pil, F. (2001), Successful Build-to-Order Strategies start with the Customer, MIT Sloan Management Review, Fall i ssue, Vol. 43, No. 1, p. 74-83 Holweg, M. and Pil, F. 2004), The Second Century Reconnecting Customer and Value Chain through Build-to-Order, Cambridge, MA and London, UK The MIT Press. Parry, G. and Graves, A. , Eds. (2008), Build to Order The Road to the 5-Day Car, London Springer Verlag. Beamon, B. M (1996), &quotPerformance measures in supply chain management&quot, Proceedings of the 1996 Conference on Agile and Intelligent Manufacturing Systems, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, NY Christopher, M. (1994), Logistics and Supply Chain Management, New York, NY Johnson, J. B. , Randolph, S (1995), &quotBrief making alliances work using a computer-based management system to integrate the supply chain&quot, Journal of Petroleum Technology, Vol. 47 No. , pp. 512-13 Maskell, B. H. (1991), Performance Measurement for human beings Class Manufacturing, Productivity Press, Portland, OR Slack, N. (1991), The Manufacturing Advantage, Mercury Books, London McDonal ds Corporation (2008). About McDonalds/McDonalds History (online). Available at http//www. mcdonalds. com/corp/about. html. Retrieve April 28, 2008 McDonalds Corporation UK (2008). Eat vivid/Whats On/Good News (online). Available at http//www. mcdonalds. co. uk/ Retrieve April 28, 2008 Lee, Hau L. , and V. Padmanabhan. ampquotThe Bullwhip Effect in Supply Chains. ampquot Sloan Management Review 38, no. 3 (Spring 1997) 93-103.DocstocampquotMcDonalds-Company-Background-Products-Competitors-And-Positioningampquot (online) http//www. docstoc. com/docs/9481476/McDonalds-Company-Background-Products-Competitors-And-Positioning accessed at 24 AUG 2010 About McDonalds (online) http//www. aboutmcdonalds. com/mcd accessed at 25 AUG 2010 About McDonalds (online) Report ampquotsustainable_supply_chainampquot http//www. aboutmcdonalds. com/mcd/csr/report/sustainable_supply_chain. html accessed at 25 AUG 2010 SCRIBD ampquotMcDonalds-INDAIN-supply-chainampquot (online) http//www. scribd. com/doc/2 1803927/McDonalds-INDAIN-supply-chain accessed at 23 AUG 2010 Essays Professors samples business